Five Ways Aspiring Screenwriters Can Get an Agents Attention

Five Ways Aspiring Screenwriters Can Get an Agents Attention I’m constantly meeting aspiring screenwriters from around the world, whether on social media, in academic settings, or via professional networking events like Pitchfest, and one question I often hear is, â€Å"How can I get an agent (or manager) if I have no produced credits?† Yes, cause for vexation, especially in Hollywood where chicken-and-egg conundrums abound. Yes, agents and managers are integral to success in the literary screen trade because they provide access to opportunities not otherwise available to fledgling writers. And yes, they put up walls to prevent the inevitable deluge of middling material from every wannabe just because he learned Final Draft. Fortunately, though, they left a few small fissures in their walls where truly talented and resourceful writers might squeeze through, even if those writers have no credits. Perform Well in Competition Screenplay competitions are a viable path to reaching agents and managers – and this includes platforms like The Black List (https://blcklst.com/) – but you have to be selective in which ones you submit to and you have to do well in them. Only a small handful of competitions are going to provide access to literary reps with any real cache. (See more details about these competitions in my previous article, â€Å"The Pros and Cons of Screenplay Competitions†: https://fundsforwriters.com/the-pros-and-cons-of-screenplay-competitions/). Typically, semi-finalists in well-respected contests will get phone calls from reps interested in seeing their material while finalists and winners will get in-person meetings. Get a Client Reference Writers should also speak with friends and colleagues who have representation in an attempt to gain entry that way. And that friend doesn’t need to be a writer. She can be a director, actor, editor, cinematographer, whatever – so long as the agency she’s with also has a roster of writers. Your friend should be able to tell you about the agency’s culture and whether she’s had good experience there, so you can determine whether they’re a fit. Offer to treat your friend to a nice dinner or some concert tickets if she can get you a face-to-face. Attach a Name Tinseltown loves â€Å"names.† A project with a recognizable actor, director or producer attached will draw the attention of reps eager to sign the writer before the project sells. The agency that reps your attached figure is the most logical choice since they have a vested interest in seeing the project materialize. Resourceful writers who have no agent connections but know others working in the industry should brainstorm ways to reach desirable names. Once a name is attached, generate heat Leverage Other Successes Many writers get a literary agent after achieving some modicum of success in another area of the business like directing, acting, or editing. For instance, use your past achievements as a bargaining chip with a prospective agent who wishes to represent you as an editor Network, Network, Network At the end of the day, Hollywood is still a networking town. The whole reason the old adage â€Å"it’s not what you know, it’s who you know† got to be an old adage is because there’s so much truth to it. Attend parties, seminars and pitch sessions where agents and managers might be present. Strike up a conversation and generate a rapport. Notice I didn’t say pitch your script, at least not off the bat. Just get them to like you first, because it’s really you they’re representing, not your script. Once you hit it off, they may just request your script. You can see Mark presenting on this topic at:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JNADYEDlCEclist=PLez8jOvskc-N-qAIePOxtIjT_VzwuI5_Et=3sindex

MBA Math Skills Every Business Student Needs

MBA Math Skills Every Business Student Needs While some math requirements will vary by program, there are several MBA math skills that every business student needs to succeed. These skills can be obtained (or brushed up on) online, as part of a GMAT prep program or in a math refresher course, such as the pre-MBA math boot camps offered by many business schools. Some of the most important MBA math skills involve basic number sense, algebra, calculus, statistics, and probability. Basic Number Sense Basic number sense may seem elementary, but it is important because it is the foundation for all of the business math you will do in an MBA program. You should be able to understand symbolic representation (i.e. the different ways numbers can be represented), how numbers relate to each other, and how numbers can be used in real-world situations. More specifically, you should be able to: Represent numbers as percents, fractions and decimalsPerform conversions on percents, fractions and decimalsSolve problems using percents, decimals, fractions and mixed numbersSimplify mathematical expressions using the appropriate order of operations Algebra for Business Reviewing all the algebra you learned in high school is a must. Algebra is used constantly in business math, particularly in economics, finance, and statistics courses. You can start your preparation by reviewing the definitions of key terms like variable, constant, exponent and operator. After that, you should practice simplifying algebraic expressions, evaluating algebraic expressions with multiple variables, and expanding algebraic expressions using the distributive property. Finally, take time to learn how to: Solve linear equationsSolve systems of linear equationsSolve quadratics by factoringSimplify and solve binomialsSimplify and solve polynomials Calculus for Business Most business school professors will help you understand the calculus you need to know as you go through the curriculum, but if you spend all your time learning the math while youre in a program, youll get a lot less out of most courses than you should. Its a good idea to master a few essential calculus skills prior to the start of your program. Here are specific concepts to know before you go: Function composition and graphingFunction operationsLimits of functionsSlopes and rates of changeDerivatives and differentiationMinimum and maximum valuesExponentials and logarithmsDefinite and indefinite integrals Statistics for Business Statistical analysis is a common task in many MBA courses.  It is important to understand key measures, such as measures of central tendency and measures of spread or dispersion, as well as key properties of populations and samples. Brushing up on the following statistics concepts will help you ace your coursework: Calculate mean, median, mode and rangeCalculate the standard deviationCalculate normal distributionIdentify shifts in the meanCalculate statistical significanceInterpret sampling distributionEstimate sample and population variance Probability for Business When it comes to MBA math, knowing how to calculate probabilities is helpful but not absolutely essential. However, it is important to know how to use numerical probabilities to interpret scenarios, clarify information in uncertain scenarios, and communicate the probability of certain events occurring. You should know how to define all of the following terms: Dependent eventIndependent eventSimple eventCompound eventComplementary eventMutually exclusive eventNon-mutually exclusive eventConditional probability Math for Finance Every MBA student  takes at least one finance class. If youre specializing in a finance-related track, youll take quite a few finance classes. The curriculum will be much easier to navigate if you are familiar with finance mathematics. Some of the specific topics youll want to study before heading off to business school include the time value of money, rates of return and interest formulas. You should be able to calculate: Present and future valuesRequired rate of returnSimple rate of returnModified rate of returnInternal rate of returnSimple interest and compound interest Math for Accounting Like finance classes, accounting classes are practically  inevitable in an MBA program. Youll spend a lot of time working with financial statements, which means you need to be comfortable with common financial ratios. Understanding these ratios will help you analyze trends and perform ratio analysis. You should learn how to calculate: Liquidity ratiosFinancial leverage ratiosProfitability ratiosAsset turnover ratiosDividend policy ratios

Geotechnical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Geotechnical - Essay Example A simpler definition of a dam would be that it is a man-made barricade for water that is built across a river or large source/mass of water especially at the far ends so as to contain the water for use in various means. In the older days, this structure was used with people back then applying dynamic remote materials to contain the flow of water across a river and then engage the reserved the intended usage. This practice of building dams has been carried along historical lines and is still being practiced in the modern world by current generation. However, it is expected that the uses of dams may have been improved and made to be quite sophisticated due to the advancement in technology and techniques of setting up such structures. Currently, dams have been put to use in areas such as the generation of electric power, controlling of floods, supply water for commercial and domestic use, and in navigation among other uses. Subsequently, there are various dams that have been currently built in the world and one such dam is the Aswan High Dam that is situated in Egypt, and built across the Nile River by two main engineers, Maurice Fitzmaurice and Benjamin Baker. A study on this dam would reveal that it is approximately 3,600m in length and approximately 111m in height. The construction of the dam was completed in the year 1970, and its inauguration took place in January 1971. Other than the domestic uses that the dam has been to, it is used to generate electricity that approximates 10 billion kilowatts in a single year, much of which is supplied in the whole of Egypt. To this regard, it can be said that dams are of a great value to economies all over the world. A diagrammatic representation of the Aswan High Dam is as shown in the figure below. Dams are also constructed in various forms and natures and currently, the

Education class for teaching profession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Education class for teaching profession - Essay Example al understanding in learners), Perennialism in action (brings literary tradition into the consideration that how it proves to be useful for learning) and Essentialism in action(focus is on reading, writing and computation) are the four segments through which she structures the learning experience. The carefully structured debate provides with various opportunities to learn, develop and construct knowledge. The various segments have their own significances and role to play when it comes to learning. Unfolding the learner, asking their opinions, standardized tests to check that whether they have met the target needs or not, focusing on individual learner’s need and inclusion of visual imagery suggests that learning will prove to be effective and fruitful. The information that teacher gathers from students debates is that it will help the teacher to understand the student’s background information the teacher might find easy to understand the students creative understanding. It will also help the teacher in order to collect the student’s background knowledge and inculcate it into the

Study Habits Essay Example for Free

Study Habits Essay Do you have a friend that never studies for tests, yet he always seems to do well and aces them? It’s probably because he has good study habits. To improve your study habits you must first realize what your distractions are and eliminate them. Second, you must choose a good, quiet place to study without interruptions. Lastly, you should write down the material several times as it is a strategy proven to help memorize and learn the material. These steps will help you do better in school and have great opportunities in the future. The first step to having better study habits is probably the hardest one for most people: Acceptance. People refuse to think that talking on the phone while you study or having the radio on with songs that you know and love jeopardizes your material retention. The first step consists of you eliminating all of those negative factors so you can concentrate on your study session. Turning off your phone, logging out of your Facebook, Twitter and any other social media accounts, and concentrating on your goal are ways that you can use to be more efficient in your learning. These are usually the things that distract us the most so it’s important that you deal with them in order to focus and eventually succeed academically. But personal distractions aren’t always the things that keep us from our studies. The second step will teach you how to cancel out any outside interference. To ensure that you don’t get constantly interrupted with noise, questions and conversation with friends or family, you must choose a place where you can study quietly and alone. When you’re at home, family members usually don’t know what you’re doing and are unaware that they are interrupting your study time. In order to avoid this you can go to your room or the house office and study quietly and isolated. Chores and tasks around the house must come second in your list of priorities after studying. This will help you focus more and finish faster. The fewer interruptions you have, the quicker you study and go back to doing the things you want to do. This takes us to the final step necessary to improve your study habits. A technique that helps you retain information better and faster. The third step is a strategy that people use when they are short on time or when the material seems to be too overwhelming. Writing the material down several times has been proved to work better than reading a page over and over when memorizing. But in order for this method to work you must follow the first two steps. This way, not only are you writing it over and over but you are also focused on what you are writing which makes learning and absorbing the material way easier and faster. With this study tool you can be certain that you’ll remember every detail and vocabulary words and terms in the test and assignments. It doesn’t stop here. There are a million ways to study and have success in your academic life. Every person reacts a different way and everybody retains information a different way too. These steps are pretty generic; useful for any kind of learning. They work together as a unit. The first two steps cover the types of distractions and how to get rid of them, while the third step is a tool that you can use to make the most of that free time. Following these steps will guarantee a silent and study-friendly environment necessary for your academic development. So, next time you see your friend acing that test without putting up any effort or work into it, you can have the satisfaction that you reached that point of success by working hard, fast and efficiently. All by just following three simple steps.

Jonah: A False Prophet or a Prophet with a False God? Essay -- Religio

Jonah: A False Prophet or a Prophet with a False God? The Jonah narrative is a story often told to children to emphasize that it is wrong to run from God and there is no way to escape from God. However as adults we see that there is more to the story. There are many ways to interpret the Jonah narrative and the character of Jonah. Readers may even read the story with an anti-Semitic view if they judge solely from their first impressions of Jonah. We see a man who flees, a man who is angry with God, and a man who pouts under a bush and wishes to die. From all this we may conclude that Jonah is selfish. If we read beyond the surface impression and pay careful attention to the narrative and Jonah's words and not just deeds, we see a more spiritual concern in Jonah's heart. He is not concerned about what people think of him but what people think of God. During Jonah's time, conditions were not very stable. Political, social, and religious disorder reigned in Israel. Syria had recently won a war and taken over Israel. The relationship between Jonah's homeland and Nineveh, the capital of Syria, were strained and bursting with animosity. Israel itself was in a state of turmoil, trying to adjust to the loss of their power and independence (Winard 538). In his article "Jonah: The Wayward Dove", Richard Stamp charges Jonah with extreme nationalism. "We see a rather obnoxious man who is disobedient to God and seems to be a bigoted nationalist of the worst kind" (Stamp 80). Jonah's frustration with God shows that he would rather see the destruction of more than a hundred and twenty thousand souls than acknowledge that God can be merciful to the foreigners of Nineveh. His anger over God's mercy towards this wicked city is used to ju... ...aracteristics in all his actions. Jonah is never concerned about what people think of him but what people think of God. Works Cited Fretheim, Terence E. The Message of Jonah: A Theological Commentary.Augsburg Publishing House: Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1977 Martin, Hugh D.D. The Prophet Jonah: His Character and Mission to Nineveh. The Banner of Truth Trust: Highgate West Hill, London , 1958. Myers, Jacob Martin. The Book of Joel; The Book of Amos; The Book of Obadiah; The Book of Jonah. John Knox Press: Richmond, Virginia, 1959. The New Oxford Annotated Bible: (NRSV)Oxford University Press, 1991. Seiden, Chaim. "Why does Jonah Want to Die?" Bible Review 15 June 1999: 4. Stamp, Richard. "Jonah: The Wayward Dove" The Expository Times Vol. 111 Dec.1999:80-82. Winward, Stephen F. A Guide to the Prophets. John Knox Press: Richmond, Virginia 1969.

Life Span Perspective Paper

Life Span Perspective Paper Life span is the time of conception till the day a person takes their last breathe. So many situations take place in a person’s life like reaching other developmental periods within life. A child grows from an infant and becomes of age to go to school for the first time or simply graduating from high school and entering the next phase of life when responsibility becomes everything. Each phase of life means that a person is developing whether they are transitioning from a young adult to being a middle aged adult there are developmental stages that take place until the final transition which is death.In order to better understand human development the process of studying takes place which in turn means moving from one stage to the next within a lifespan. Through the years observation, predictions and evolving technologies have opened up doors to the way individuals develop and reach stages by pinpointing differences and predictions that prove to be in accurate or simply that have not risen to the occasion over the years of change. There are considered to be five characteristics of development; multidirectional, multicontextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity.Multidirectional is the study of change within human development. Multicontextual is dealing with contexts such as an individual’s surroundings or environment that can affect development. Multicultural is when individuals do not notice cultural differences because they have become so used to their own surroundings. Multidisciplinary which pertains to multiple academic fields which all deliver the same insight as to how data and insight are contributed. Plasticity is when change occurs sometime during the lifespan of an individual. A person could be fine and then experience the lost of a parent and become altered forever.These five characteristics all intertwine with one another in order to explain in detail how people transition and develop through mul ti stages within life. There are also three domains of human development; biosocial development, cognitive development and psychosocial development. (Boyd and Bee, 2006). Two theories of lifespan development are grand theories and emergent theories. Grand theories are a combination of behaviorism, cognitive theory and psychoanalytic theory which refer to child development through comprehensive theories of psychology in a detailed manner.Emergent theories are not as detailed but it does incorporate the interpretations of development but touches on preconceived comprehensive and systematic instances. Behaviorism studies observable behavior and is sometimes referred to as the learning theory because behavior is learned in a number of ways. Cognitive theory focuses on how the thought process develops and is ultimately configured. Psychoanalytic theory is when a child has inner drives and motives such as obtaining the cookie from the cookie jar after their parent has told them not until after dinner. Boyd and Bee, 2006). Heredity is when your skin tone or height is passed down through the generations within a family. Your genes and DNA that make you who you are as far as features and sometimes personality and reactions to a situation. Environment is where a person lives, is raised or chooses to reside. A person can come from a family that has never been to college but allows a positive environment to flourish newer ways of learning to achieve a major goal within their life.No one can change their DNA or even their genes but allowing positive versus negative environments to influence their future thought process can really provide a lot of good. On the other hand a person can have the makeup of having an addictive personality that can ultimately be very negative outcome as a person that has two alcoholic parents and paternal and maternal grandparents that have issues with drugs and alcohol. If the individual takes a drink of alcohol and the addictive traits get wake n up then the individual could really cause harm to themselves by subduing to alcohol and drugs.An environment can truly have an effect on the development of an individual. A person can be raised in a tense environment and exude a negative temperament as a result of being in non nurturing situation. In conclusion everyone in the world has reached some stage within the lifespan developmental stage and in order for these stages to have been identified research, observation and scientific experiments have taken place. There is such a wide array of characteristics of development that pinpoint the differences that are faced within the entire life of an individual.Grand theories are three incorporated theories that are detailed and well observed in order to showcase development of the years as everyone is very different. Emergent theories are theories that are not detailed and can change at any given moment because they are predicted theories that might not be proven to be true. Heredity and environment play such pivotal roles in development because people mimic behaviors and influences that are around them whether negative or positive. ? Reference Boyd, D. , & Bee, H. (2006). Lifespan Development (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Life Span Perspective Paper Life Span Perspective Paper Life span is the time of conception till the day a person takes their last breathe. So many situations take place in a person’s life like reaching other developmental periods within life. A child grows from an infant and becomes of age to go to school for the first time or simply graduating from high school and entering the next phase of life when responsibility becomes everything. Each phase of life means that a person is developing whether they are transitioning from a young adult to being a middle aged adult there are developmental stages that take place until the final transition which is death.In order to better understand human development the process of studying takes place which in turn means moving from one stage to the next within a lifespan. Through the years observation, predictions and evolving technologies have opened up doors to the way individuals develop and reach stages by pinpointing differences and predictions that prove to be in accurate or simply that have not risen to the occasion over the years of change. There are considered to be five characteristics of development; multidirectional, multicontextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity.Multidirectional is the study of change within human development. Multicontextual is dealing with contexts such as an individual’s surroundings or environment that can affect development. Multicultural is when individuals do not notice cultural differences because they have become so used to their own surroundings. Multidisciplinary which pertains to multiple academic fields which all deliver the same insight as to how data and insight are contributed. Plasticity is when change occurs sometime during the lifespan of an individual. A person could be fine and then experience the lost of a parent and become altered forever.These five characteristics all intertwine with one another in order to explain in detail how people transition and develop through mul ti stages within life. There are also three domains of human development; biosocial development, cognitive development and psychosocial development. (Boyd and Bee, 2006). Two theories of lifespan development are grand theories and emergent theories. Grand theories are a combination of behaviorism, cognitive theory and psychoanalytic theory which refer to child development through comprehensive theories of psychology in a detailed manner.Emergent theories are not as detailed but it does incorporate the interpretations of development but touches on preconceived comprehensive and systematic instances. Behaviorism studies observable behavior and is sometimes referred to as the learning theory because behavior is learned in a number of ways. Cognitive theory focuses on how the thought process develops and is ultimately configured. Psychoanalytic theory is when a child has inner drives and motives such as obtaining the cookie from the cookie jar after their parent has told them not until after dinner. Boyd and Bee, 2006). Heredity is when your skin tone or height is passed down through the generations within a family. Your genes and DNA that make you who you are as far as features and sometimes personality and reactions to a situation. Environment is where a person lives, is raised or chooses to reside. A person can come from a family that has never been to college but allows a positive environment to flourish newer ways of learning to achieve a major goal within their life.No one can change their DNA or even their genes but allowing positive versus negative environments to influence their future thought process can really provide a lot of good. On the other hand a person can have the makeup of having an addictive personality that can ultimately be very negative outcome as a person that has two alcoholic parents and paternal and maternal grandparents that have issues with drugs and alcohol. If the individual takes a drink of alcohol and the addictive traits get wake n up then the individual could really cause harm to themselves by subduing to alcohol and drugs.An environment can truly have an effect on the development of an individual. A person can be raised in a tense environment and exude a negative temperament as a result of being in non nurturing situation. In conclusion everyone in the world has reached some stage within the lifespan developmental stage and in order for these stages to have been identified research, observation and scientific experiments have taken place. There is such a wide array of characteristics of development that pinpoint the differences that are faced within the entire life of an individual.Grand theories are three incorporated theories that are detailed and well observed in order to showcase development of the years as everyone is very different. Emergent theories are theories that are not detailed and can change at any given moment because they are predicted theories that might not be proven to be true. Heredity and environment play such pivotal roles in development because people mimic behaviors and influences that are around them whether negative or positive. ? Reference Boyd, D. , & Bee, H. (2006). Lifespan Development (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Framing Carpentry

Have you ever built anything with your hands? Maybe a birdhouse? What about a model car or plane? We’ve all built a gingerbread house before; haven’t we? Well, no matter who we are, or where we come from, most of us have built, or helped to build, something with our bare hands. The satisfaction a person gets from completing something with their bare hands is an amazing feeling. Now, have you ever built a house before? Yes, I mean an entire house. Starting from what is basically a pile of sticks. Most people haven’t. Being a framing can give a person satisfaction that is not easily found. But this is not a job for the weak. Being a carpenter may be one of the hardest and most dangerous jobs a person can do on a daily basis. Framing is a job that anybody should be proud to do. Not only does is take a great amount of physical and mental strength, but it takes an artist’s touch as well. Whether you rent a home, or own your own, somebody put their blood, sweat, and/or tears into building the place you call home. Blood may not be as common as sweat, and tears even less so, but with the amount of physical energy that it takes to build a home, yours took at least one of them; more likely two. I’ve been working as a framing carpenter for a quarter of my life, so I hope you take my word when I say it can be flat out exhausting. An August day spent at the lake can drain a man. That same August day on top of a roof can reach 130+ degrees, and will push even the fittest men to their physical limits. People might say, â€Å"I hit the gym every night, I could handle it. † Okay, put on a tool belt and give it a shot. But remember, that tool belt weighs about ten pounds. Now factor in repeatedly, and I mean hundreds of times a day, lifting anywhere from two to one hundred and twenty pounds; and don’t forget the heat. I’ve personally seen this drain a man’s energy so much that in just one moment of exhaustion, he buried a saw (mind you a power saw) in his left thigh almost four inches deep. There was blood and tears, and for a moment I feared for his life. Of course this isn’t as common as a shooting yourself with a nail gun, slicing yourself on a strap, or stepping on a nail, but it happens. These lapses in judgment happen on some small scale everyday so you must always be mentally aware. There is so much more to building a house than being able to work hard. As much, and sometimes more energy can be spent on the mental process that takes place. I asked you earlier if you’d ever built a house from a pile of sticks. Essentially, that is what takes place. Imagine your house being sent out on the back of a truck. And it’s not like a Lego house that is ready to put together. Critical steps must be taken from the moment you set that first nail. A mistake in that took five seconds to make could take days to fix. I know a guy who built a 5,000 square foot building too tall. I know a guy who built every window in the house six inches to small. I know a guy that cut over 5,000 dollars worth of logs the wrong length. Sure these were stupid and costly mistakes, but if you can show me one person that hasn’t made a dumb mistake at work, I can show you a thousand who have. Being physically exhausted keeps your thought processes from working properly. Your body will take care of its physical needs first, and if you don’t have enough left it will shut down mentally. I believe this has happened to most of us at some point; studying perhaps? Keeping your mind fresh is most crucial when you get to the roof. Making four different roof lines come together harmoniously can be very difficult. Calculating multiple angles for each roof to blend perfectly can be a headache for even math majors. But when all is said and done, you can look back at your own little masterpiece with pride. Can you really consider framing a house†¦.. a masterpiece? Absolutely! Here in St George, UT we have an annual event known as the Parade of Homes. This is where local construction companies show of the skills of their trades, and what I believe you could call their artists touch. Many of us attend this annual event, and gawp at the beauty within these homes. We look at the intrinsic details of a fireplace or ceiling, but do not take much time to think about the work it took to build these. It once took me a day and a half to build fireplace; with a helper. The details were absurd. It was something that should have been built with foam, not wood. Six different radiuses, some of which had moon sliced openings with waves protruding on every surface, and a light bar that followed the last one. Now, did I feel like an artist upon completion? You better believe I did; I felt like Picasso. It wasn’t easy to build this with a power saw and nail gun from only a pile of sticks. But it is precisely these types of projects that leave me with an overwhelming sense of pride. After all of the houses I’ve built I still take pride in my work. It feels good to drive through a neighborhood, and to remember each house I’ve built. There are memories that come to mind with every house. I can picture the first house that I built as a grunt, as well as the first I built as a foreman. I remember how good my first house as a foreman felt, and how I sat in my truck when we were finished, and felt the pride of doing it my way. It’s always a good feeling to accomplish something that you take pride in, and everybody needs that feeling. Whether it was a million dollar home, or a track home that took three days, it’s always felt good to finish a home and admire it. It’s great to know that it was through my knowledge, skills, and strength that I took a pile of sticks, and built a house. This is why I think framing is a job to be proud of.

Math Definition of a Sample Space in Statistics

Math Definition of a Sample Space in Statistics The collection of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment forms a set that is known as the sample space. Probability concerns itself with random phenomena or probability experiments. These experiments are all different in nature and can concern things as diverse as rolling dice or flipping coins. The common thread that runs throughout these probability experiments is that there are observable outcomes. The outcome occurs randomly and is unknown prior to conducting our experiment.   In this set theory formulation of probability, the sample space for a problem corresponds to an important set. Since the sample space contains every outcome that is possible, it forms a set of everything that we can consider. So the sample space becomes the universal set in use for a particular probability experiment. Common Sample Spaces Sample spaces abound and are infinite in number. But there are a few that are frequently used for examples in an introductory statistics or probability course. Below are the experiments and their corresponding sample spaces: For the experiment of flipping a coin, the sample space is {Heads, Tails}.  There are two elements in this sample space.For the experiment of flipping two coins, the sample space is {(Heads, Heads), (Heads, Tails), (Tails, Heads), (Tails, Tails) }.  This sample space has four elements.For the experiment of flipping three coins, the sample space is {(Heads, Heads, Heads), (Heads, Heads, Tails), (Heads, Tails, Heads), (Heads, Tails, Tails), (Tails, Heads, Heads), (Tails, Heads, Tails), (Tails, Tails, Heads), (Tails, Tails, Tails) }.  This sample space has eight elements.For the experiment of flipping n coins, where n is a positive whole number, the sample space consists of 2n elements. There are a total of C (n, k) ways to obtain k heads and n - k tails for each number k from 0 to n.For the experiment consisting of rolling a single six-sided die, the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}For the experiment of rolling two six-sided dice, the sample space consists of the set of the 36 possible pairings of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. For the experiment of rolling three six-sided dice, the sample space consists of the set of the 216 possible triples of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.For the experiment of rolling n six-sided dice, where n is a positive whole number, the sample space consists of 6n elements.For an experiment of drawing from a standard deck of cards, the sample space is the set that lists all 52 cards in a deck. For this example, the sample space could only consider certain features of the cards, such as rank or suit. Forming Other Sample Spaces The above list includes some of the most commonly used sample spaces. Others are out there for different experiments. It is also possible to combine several of the above experiments. When this is done, we end up with a sample space that is the Cartesian product of our individual sample spaces. We can also use a tree diagram to form these sample spaces. For example, we may want to analyze a probability experiment in which we first flip a coin and then roll a die.  Since there are two outcomes for flipping a coin and six outcomes for rolling a die, there are a total of 2 x 6 12 outcomes in the sample space we are considering.

Making Colored Candle Flames

Making Colored Candle Flames Have you ever wanted to color the flames of your candles? Ive received several questions about how this might be achieved, including the following email: Hi, I just posted this question to the forum but I am also interested in your take on it. I read the article about colored fire and decided to try to make a candle with a color flame! First I tried dissolving the chems you suggested in the article (such as cupric chloride) into water until it was fully concentrated, and soaking some wicks overnight. After drying the wicks I found that on their own they do burn with a pretty flame (well, some of the chemicals), but once I tried adding wax to the mixture the natural color of the wax burning completely  took away any desired effects. Next I tried grinding up the chems into a fine powder and mixing as uniformly as possible with the wax. This was also unsuccessful and resulted in sporadic and weak color at best and often wouldnt even stay lit. Even when I could keep the particles from sinking to the bottom of the molten wax, they still [do] not burn correctly. I am convinced that in order to make a functioning candle with a color flame it is necessary to fully dissolve the salts and minerals listed in the article into the wax. Obviously the salts do not naturally dissolve and this got me thinking that maybe an emulsifier is necessary? Does that make sense? Thanks! If making colored candle flames was easy, these candles would likely be available for sale. They are, but only when the candles burn a liquid fuel. I would think you could make an alcohol lamp that burns a colored flame by attaching a wick to an alcohol lamp filled with fuel containing metal salts. The salts could be dissolved in a small amount of water, which would be mixable in alcohol. Some salts dissolve directly in alcohol. Its possible something similar could be achieved using a fuel oil. Im not sure a wax candle would ever work as well. Soaking the wick will produce a colored flame, much as if you burned paper or wood that has been soaked with metal salts, but the wick of a candle burns very slowly. Most of the flame results from combustion of vaporized wax. Has anyone tried making candles with colored flames? Do you have any suggestions for the reader who sent this e-mail or any tips about what will/wont work? Comments Tom  says: I too tried using paraffin wax but to no avail. I searched around and US patent 6921260 is probably the best description on the previous art and it’s own design, careful reading of the patent reveals that it should be possible to make colored flame candles at home if you know what you’re doing. Arnold  says: There is an old pdf article dated Dec 26, 1939 entitled Colored Flame Candle. In it William Fredericks used petroleum jelly as a fuel source with the mineral salt suspended in it. Although I haven’t built the whole project, I did suspend copper chloride in petroleum jelly, and it burned very nicely. A nice blue flame. You have to play with the ratios. As I see it, there are two approaches. A. Drill an existing candle from the top, and fill the hole with warmed jelly, or B. Follow the instructions in the article by building a candle around an inner core of jelly. But I was asked a question which I need to answer: Is breathing the smoke of colored flame candles healthy? i.e. copper, strontium, potassium Perhaps we can put our heads together on this project. I would like to get the colored flame candle project started. I saw that you have tried some things, but found they didn’t work. I would ask you not post this information yet. I would rather think this through with you and present the final project, rather than to publish the raw thinking of it. On the net I have found very chemically complicated candles (ethanolamine etc.) I mixed copper I chloride with petroleum jelly, put a wick in it, and it burned very nicely blue. There was some moisture there, so it did stink a bit. I read in one of the patent papers online that one of the problems is the amount of carbon particles in a candle flame. The suggestion was to use a palladium, vanadium or platinum chloride as a catalyst/accelerant (absorbing a small amount of this material on the wick) to increase the temperature. Not exactly cheap or readily available. But supposedly the orange flame is gone. The other alternative is to burn smaller chain organic compounds, like citric acid or benzoic acid. I haven’t tried these. Faerie flames advertises their candles are not paraffin, but crystals. Perhaps you have some ideas on other smaller molecules. I find that alcohol flames color very nicely, but paraffin is just not very hot burning. Yes, I am knowledgeable in chemistry with a B.Sc. in chemistry. Chels  says: I am trying to make a color flame candle myself. I think the first step would be producing a candle that burns with a light blue/luminous flame, you need to get rid of the yellow. To do this you need a fuel that has a low carbon content. Things like paraffin and stearin burn yellow due to their high carbon content. I don’t think it’s possible to make a good color flame candle with paraffin. A lot of patents seem to recommend Trimethyl Citrate. It’s a waxy/crystalline solid that burns a light blue. But I can’t find a place to get it, unless I want to buy it in industrial quantities! Does anyone know where I can find trimethyl citrate? It’s used as a food additive and cosmetic ingredient so I figure it isn’t toxic.   Amber  says: I see a lot of soy candles on the market. I am wondering if perhaps this may work with soy or beeswax?   Bryan  says: I have had a little success making a bluish candle flame by using copper desoldering braid. It makes a surprisingly good candle wick. In order to get the color, however, I first heated it up to melt out the impregnated rosin. I then put it in saltwater, put another wire in saltwater (pretty much any metal except aluminum), made sure they didn’t touch, and attached a 9 V battery to the wires- negative to the bare wire, positive to the copper braid. Within seconds, tiny bubbles will come off the – wire and blue-green stuff will form on the braid. Leave it in for a while. Most of the green stuff will come off the braid into the water. The stuff is most likely copper chloride, formed from the chloride in the salt. After the braid is green (but before it falls apart), pull it out, trying not to knock off too much stuff. Dry it, preferably by hanging. Then try that as a wick. I’ve only tried limited experiments, so your mileage may vary.   Eric  says: I’m working on Bryan’s idea of using desoldering braid as a wick. I’ve had limited success so far. The theory is good it seems, but the main problem I’ve had is that the wick doesn’t seem to be very good at drawing the molten wax up to the flame. The longest I’ve been able to keep one lit is about thirty seconds. I’m thinking that either I did not allow the wick to remain in the saltwater solution long enough or perhaps I might benefit from a different variety of wax or possibly weaving the braid together with a more traditional wick. priyanka  says: take 1.5 cups of water and add 2 tbsp of salt (NaCl). dissolve 4 tbsp of borax. Then dissolve Add 1 tsp. of one of the following chemicals for colored flames: strontium chloride for a brilliant red flame, boric acid for a deep red flame, calcium for a red-orange flame, calcium chloride for a yellow-orange flame, table salt for a bright yellow flame, borax for a yellow-green flame, copper sulfate (blue vitriol/bluestone) for a green flame, calcium chloride for a blue flame, potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate (saltpeter) for a violet flame or Epsom salt for a white flame. David Tran  says: Wouldn’t the NaCl contaminate the flame with yellow and overpower the other colors? Tim Billman  says: Priyanka: Check your colors. Boric acid burns green, calcium chloride burns orange/yellow, etc. I can make solutions of boric acid (which can be bought at Ace Hardware-type stores 99% pure as a cockroach killer) and strontium chloride (an additive from pet stores for saltwater fish tanks) which burn nicely in a mixture of acetone and rubbing alcohol, but those solutions do not mix with melted candle wax (because it is non-polar.) The next thing I was going to try was finding an emulsifying agent that was safe to burn (i.e., probably not soap) to make a semisolid colloid with the compounds dissolved in the wax. Any ideas on what my emulsifier could be? What can make oil and water mix besides soap? Mia  says: For colored flames the element burn: Lithium RedPotassium PurpleSulfur YellowCopper/copper oxide Blue/Green I would just look at the elements and chemicals that they use in fireworks because those burn with different colors.

Critical Thinking And Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Thinking And Decision Making - Essay Example Despite of such individualistic tendencies with leadership, there is always a safeguard that I implement wherein the welfare of the majority is prioritized. As leaders, we should serve the people and uphold their democratic interests and ensure their welfare. I concede to the fact that values change. I do see some problems with this because most leaders say that they have their leadership values that is geared for the common good yet when they have the power already, they have the tendency in most cases to neglect the people and pursue their personal. That change of value is actually detrimental to the public and deters the progression of the country or the constituents on right track. Values and critical thinking are related. The manner of thinking is the most crucial element in decision making. If the person loses his capacity to think critically and objectively, there is a strong that his leadership will fail and people will question his